Tillandsia usneoides

Systematics
Family: Bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) Subfamily: Tillandsioideae Genus: Tillandsia Subgenus: Diaphoranthema Species: usneoides
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Tillandsia usneoides (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, 1835

Local names: Spanish Moss, Spanish Beard, French Wig, Long Hair, barba del viejo

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Distribution:

Southeastern USA to Argentina and Chile
epiphytic
0 - 3300 m

 

 

Imagelinks:

• Image by Ulrich Katz, Botanical Garden of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
• Herbarium specimen at the Linné Herbarium, Stockholm, Sweden
• Images - Photo Index of the FCBS-website

Original Description:

Basionym: Renealmia usneoides (Linnaeus) Linnaeus (1753) Species Plantarum 1: 287

(Sp. Pl.)

Tillandsia usneoides (Linnaeus) Linnaeus (1762) Species Plantarum, Editio Secunda 1: 411

(Sp. Pl. (ed. 2))

Synonyms:

• Camanbaya Marcgraf, 1658
• Cuscuta ramis arborum innascens caroliniana, filamentis lanugine tectis Plukenet, 1696
• Cuscuta lendiginosa tenuissime cirrhis Plukenet, 1696
• Cuscuta americana super arbores se dissidens Ray, 1693
• Viscum caryophylloides tenuissimum, e ramulis arborum musci in modum dependens, foliis pruinae instar candicantibus, flore tripetalo semine filamentoso Sloane, 1696
• Renealmia filiformis intorta Linnaeus, 1737
• Renealmia usneoides Linnaeus, 1753
• Fuscus filum Esper, 1800
• Rhizomorpha ochreata Acharius, 1814
• Tillandsia trichoides Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, 1816
• Tillandsia filiformis Loddiges, 1830
•  ? Tillandsia pendula Louvain, 1229
• Dendropogon usneoides (Linnaeus) Rafinesque, 1838
• Strepsia usneoides (Linnaeus) Nuttall ex Steudel, 1841
• Tillandsia crinita Willdenow ex Beer, 1857
• Tillandsia usneoides f. genuina André, 1889
• Tillandsia usneoides f. longissima André, 1889
• Tillandsia usneoides f. filiformis André, 1889
• Tillandsia usneoides f. major André, 1889
• Tillandsia usneoides f. ferruginea André, 1889
• Tillandsia usneoides f. crispa André, 1889
• Tillandsia usneoides f. cretacea André, 1894
• Tillandsia usneoides f. robusta André, 1894
• Tillandsia usneoides var. filiformis (André) Mez, 1896
• Tillandsia usneoides var. ferruginea (André) Mez, 1896
• Tillandsia usneoides var. longissima (André) Mez, 1896
• Tillandsia usneoides var. robusta (André) Mez, 1896
• Tillandsia usneoides var. cretacea (André) Mez, 1896

Literature:

• Proctor & Read In: Adams (1972) Flowering Plants of Jamaica :47, 49
• Julia & Alain Liogier (1977) Moscosoa 1: 36
• Smith & Downs (1977) Flora Neotropica 14(2): 899-901
• Kiff (1991) A distributional checklist of the Genus Tillandsia :53
• Till (1992) Die Bromelie 1: 15-20
• Hromadnik (1993) Die Bromelie 1: 20
• Till (1995) Linzer biologische Beiträge 27/1: 420
• Steyermark, Berry & Holst (1997) Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Vol.3 :668
• Luther & Sieff (1997) Selbyana 18(1): 111
• Pierce (2000) Journal of the Bromeliad Society 50(5): 195-201
• Pinto (2005) Tillandsia del Norte de Chile y del Extremo Sur de Perú :34-35 ff.
• Luther (2008) An Alphabetical List of Bromeliad Binomials Edit. XI :96
• Krulik (2008) Journal of the Bromeliad Society 58(6): 272-274

Weblinks

Spanish Moss: Its Nature, History and Uses by Dennis Adams